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The Question & Answer (Q&A) Knowledge Managenet
The Internet has many places to ask questions about anything imaginable and find past answers on almost everything.
What is another word for substantive?
considerable | substantial |
---|---|
largish | biggish |
decent | ample |
hefty | extensive |
voluminous | great |
Substantive law refers to all categories of public and private law, including the law of contracts, real property, torts, and Criminal Law. For example, criminal law defines certain behavior as illegal and lists the elements the government must prove to convict a person of a crime.
Substantive law refers to how facts of each case are handled and how to penalize or ascertain damages in each case. Whereas, Procedural law refers to the different processes through which a case proceeds. Substantive laws define the legal relationship between different individuals, or between individuals and the State.
But the law of evidence neither comes under substantive law nor under procedural law, rather it is a subject matter of ‘adjective law’, which defines the pleading, evidencing and procedure with respect to substantive laws.
This argument is based on the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments and reasons that these amendments guarantee that life, freedom and property cannot be infringed upon by the government without sufficient justification—regardless of the process by which they are infringed upon.
Substantive due process has been interpreted to include things such as the right to work in an ordinary kind of job, marry, and to raise one’s children as a parent.
Procedural due process, by contrast, asks whether the government has followed the proper procedures when it takes away life, liberty or property. Substantive due process looks to whether there is a sufficient substantive justification, a good enough reason for such a deprivation. Consider this simple illustration.
The 14th Amendment contained three major provisions: The Citizenship Clause granted citizenship to All persons born or naturalized in the United States. The Due Process Clause declared that states may not deny any person “life, liberty or property, without due process of law.”
It was ratified in 1868 in order to protect the civil rights of freed slaves after the Civil War. It has proven to be an important and controversial amendment addressing such issues as the rights of citizens, equal protection under the law, due process, and the requirements of the states.
In practice, the Supreme Court has used the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment to guarantee some of the most fundamental rights and liberties we enjoy today. It protects individuals (or corporations) from infringement by the states as well as the federal government.
The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States—including former enslaved people—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws.” One of three amendments passed during the Reconstruction era to abolish slavery and …
Amendment XIV, Section 2 eliminated the three-fifths rule, specifically stating that representation to the House is to be divided among the states according to their respective numbers, counting all persons in each state (except Native Americans who were not taxed).
No Person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State …
The Civil War ended on May 9, 1865. Some southern states began actively passing laws that restricted the rights of former slaves after the Civil War, and Congress responded with the 14th Amendment, designed to place limits on states’ power as well as protect civil rights.
Southern Opposition and Military Occupation Southerners thought the 14th Amendment had been passed to punish them for starting the Civil War, and they refused to ratify it. Indeed there were sections which prevented ex-Confederates from voting, holding office, or being paid back for lending money to the Confederacy.
By this definition, the framers of the Fourteenth Amendment failed, because though African Americans were granted the legal rights to act as full citizens, they could not do so without fear for their lives and those of their family.
Fourteenth Amendment, amendment (1868) to the Constitution of the United States that granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to African Americans and slaves who had been emancipated after the American Civil War, including them under the umbrella phrase “all persons born or naturalized in the United States. …
Passed by Congress June 13, 1866, and ratified July 9, 1868, the 14th amendment extended liberties and rights granted by the Bill of Rights to former slaves.
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.
The 19th Amendment guarantees American women the right to vote. Between 1878, when the amendment was first introduced in Congress, and 1920, when it was ratified, champions of voting rights for women worked tirelessly, but their strategies varied.
It was a decisive victory, and the split among Democrats and Republicans was staggering. In all, over 200 Republicans voted in favor of the 19th Amendment, while only 102 Democrats voted alongside them. Subsequently, on June 4, 1919, the 19th Amendment passed the Senate by a vote of 56 to 25.
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote).
Women’s suffrage is the right of women to vote in elections. Beginning in the mid-19th century, aside from the work being done by women for broad-based economic and political equality and for social reforms, women sought to change voting laws to allow them to vote.
Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity, political stance, or any other restriction, subject only to relatively minor exceptions.
The word ‘democracy’ has its origins in the Greek language. It combines two shorter words: ‘demos’ meaning whole citizen living within a particular city-state and ‘kratos’ meaning power or rule. A belief in shared power: based on a suspicion of concentrated power (whether by individuals, groups or governments).
There are three types of employment status: employee, worker and self-employed The three are often not in practice used correctly and the difference is not always know
There ares of employment status under the law: employee worker self-employedTypes of employment status
Types of Employment in the Philippines
Types of Employees
Employees usually are classified according to the hours worked and the expected duration of the job Accordingly, they generally fall into three major categories: full-time, part-time, and temporary employee
A schedule, often called a rota or roster, is a list of employees, and associated information eg location, working times, responsibilities for a given time period eg week, month or sports season
There are many differences between interns and employees Employees are hired to do a job, while internships are designed to provide on the job training According to the Department of Labor, ‘for-profit’ companies must offer employees a minimum wage and paid overtime An internship should always benefit the inter
Unless all of the following criteria are met, the intern is legally an employee, who must be paid the minimum wage, earn overtime, and receive all of the other protections guaranteed by state and federal employment laws: Interns cannot displace regular employees
The role of an intern is generally given to entry level individuals who are studying their chosen occupation in a higher education environment like college or university Intern positions can be paid or unpaid Temps (Contractors) is more of a designation for an individual who is not employed full-time by the company
To establish uniformity in the use and application of the term “internship,” NACE recommends the following definition: An internship is a form of experiential learning that integrates knowledge and theory learned in the classroom with practical application and skills development in a professional setting
The difference between an externship and an internship is that an externship is typically an unpaid shadowing of a respected industry professional during which the extern will observe daily duties, while an internship is a paid or voluntary position with an organization for someone who is learning a profession and
There is no requirement that an intern be a student In that case though, you must be paid if you’re a US citizen working in the US Other countries rules might not require that In fact, in some areas the ideal internship is to take a year off between the junior and senior year
IT Internships – web development, cybersecurity, mobile app dev, etc Law Internships – paralegal, environmental law, international law, etc Marketing Internships – digital marketing, advertising, etc Medical Internships – psychiatry, clinical research, et
Our Toptigious Internship Programs for 2021 are:
Paid internships offer students a way to gain relevant knowledge and the skills required to succeed in a specific career field while making some money through an hourly wage, weekly salary, or stipend over the course of the internship
Unpaid Internships: An unpaid internship is a viable option for many students and is a great way to get experience without any stress As the name suggests, doing an unpaid internship means you will not get any stipend or salary after the internship ends
Things to Look for in an Internship
Expect To Have Limited Responsibilities You can expect to spend most of your time on the job doing low-level clerical and administrative tasks; such as scheduling appointments, sorting out files, answering the phone, or doing data entry Don’t be disheartened if that’s all you end up doing during your internshi
Goals A great internship provides the knowledge and skills required to become successful in a specific career field Employers spend a great deal of time and money on training their new employees, and they know that they can eliminate a lot of this time by hiring someone with previous knowledge and experience
Top 10 Things You Should Look For In An Internship
When hiring your next intern, consider these “Top 10” soft skills:
Skills & Qualities Employers look for in Interns
Below are the top 10 skills employers want in an intern: