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Modern groups whose ancestral forms appeared for the first time in the Middle and Late Triassic include lizards, turtles, rhynchocephalians (lizardlike animals), and crocodilians. The mammal-like reptiles, or therapsids, suffered pulses of extinctions in the Late Permian.
In higher latitudes, gymnosperms survived and conifer forests began to recover from the Permian Extinction. Mosses and ferns survived in coastal regions. Spiders, scorpions, millipedes and centipedes survived, as well as the newer groups of beetles. The only new insect group of the Triassic was the grasshoppers.
Worldwide climatic conditions during the Triassic seem to have been much more homogeneous than at present. No polar ice existed. Temperature differences between the Equator and the poles would have been less extreme than they are today, which would have resulted in less diversity in biological habitats.
Triassic Fossils (245 to 208 mya)
Ambilobeia karojoi Shrimp Fossil Ambilobe, Madagascar | Encrinesomus dixoni Fish Fossil Ambilobe, Madagascar |
Parasemionotus labordei Amiiformes Fish Fossil Ambilobe, Madagascar | Umkomasia sp. Seed Fern Tasmania, Australia |
251.902 (+/- 0.024) million years ago
From oldest to youngest: Triassic (251.902 to 201.3 million years ago) Jurassic (201.3 to 145 million years ago) Cretaceous (145 to 66 million years ago)
252-201 million years
At this time, sea surface temperatures in the tropics reached 40 °C, while deeper waters were a few degrees cooler. Land temperatures fluctuate more than ocean temperatures, so they may have hit 50 °C or even 60 °C at times.
The ‘Age of Dinosaurs’ (the Mesozoic Era) included three consecutive geologic time periods (the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods). Different dinosaur species lived during each of these three periods.